In such circumstances, local authorities must ensure that enforcement officers carrying out dual functions have the appropriate training, and wear a uniform or badge when carrying out their functions. Enforcement authorities should also ensure that officers carrying out environmental duties carry a Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) notebook, for recording evidence to support a prosecution if a fixed penalty notice is unpaid. You can view further information on environmental guidance. Vehicles displaying a valid Blue Badge must not [footnote 27] be immobilised and, as a general rule, should not be removed. Car parks associated with supermarkets, hospitals, leisure centres, retail parks, shopping centres etc. are usually private land and parking is managed using the laws of contract or trespass. If a CEO is not able to see all of the details on the parking permit or supplementary day permit scratchcard, a PCN will be issued. The Secretary of State recommends that authorities treat X-plated vehicles as D-plated unless they are causing a serious road safety or congestion hazard or are persistent evaders. Recovery of unpaid PCNs

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The Civil Enforcement of Road Traffic Contraventions (Representations and Appeals) (England) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/576) It is essential to give staff at all levels the skills and training to do their jobs effectively if the service is to command public confidence and respect. The Secretary of State must [footnote 18] certify any such device. Once certified they may be called an ‘approved device’. PCNs must not [footnote 19] be served by post based on evidence from an approved device other than when vehicles are parked on a:The Civil Enforcement of Road Traffic Contraventions (Approved Devices, Charging Guidelines and General Provisions) (England) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/71) A PCN may also be served by post if the CEO had begun to leave it. That is, they had completed their observations and had either started to write the PCN or put the data into the handheld computer and would, in other circumstances, have to cancel the PCN, but the vehicle was driven away before the CEO had time to finish or serve the PCN. London authorities must [footnote 1] keep an account of all income and expenditure in respect of on-street parking places and their functions as enforcement authorities, within paragraphs 2 and 3 of schedule 7 to the TMA.

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Authorities should provide staff with the appropriate equipment, training and guidance to collect such evidence in the circumstances that the authority has prescribed. The use of digital cameras and similar technology is strongly encouraged. Authorities should disclose their evidence at the earliest possible opportunity.There are some circumstances in which a penalty charge notice may be served by post. [footnote 16] One is where the contravention has been detected based on evidence from an approved device ( approved devices may only be used in limited circumstances). Vehicles should not be immobilised or removed by contractors unless a suitably trained CEO is present to confirm that the contravention falls within the guidelines. The UK is a party to Article 31.1 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which gives accredited diplomats immunity from the criminal jurisdiction of the host nation’s law. It is strongly recommended that 2-tier local authorities have a good working relationship and continue to maintain a dialogue where enforcement operations are combined. The exercise of discretion In the case of (c) a 10-minute grace period would need to be given before the PCN was issued. Once the PCN was issued the 15-minute rule would apply. In the case of (a) and (b), the vehicle is parked illegally and a grace period would not apply before the penalty charge was issued.